Maohiie foe making nets



{N0 Mode 1,) J KNOX 5Sheets-Sheet'1.

MAGHINE'POR MAKING NETS. No. 504,595. Patentd Sep't. 5, 1893.-

No Model.)

J.KN0X.- MACHINE MAKING NETS.

Patented Sept. 5, 1893.

5 ShGEtkShGt 2.

Z/ai'naauem mm. MACHINE FOR MAKING NB s.

Patented Sept. 5, 1898.

5 Sheets-8heet 3.

{No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. KNOX. MAGHINE FOR MAKING NETS,

No. 504 595. Patented $6M 1:5, 1893.

c F1613. V

Mfi'esses (He Model.) 5 Sheets-She'etfi,

I "L NOX MACHINE FOR MAKING NETS.

No. 504,595,. Patented Sept. 5, 1893.

v 25 7- I I li glli 7 3' v I I F s T t-L WITNESSES. INVENTOl-Y:

. "hi0 ATTORNEYS.

' Unrrnn STATES Parent nrrcn.

JAMES KNOX, OF KILBIRNIE, SCOTLAND.

AoHiNE m MAKiNG tiers.

SPECIFICALION forming part of Letters Patent No. 504,595, time September 5, 1893. I trmilicetion filed July 8,1891. Serial No. 398,823.' (No model.) Patented in England July 5, 1890, hie-10,426-

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that 1, JAMES Knox, manu faeturer, a subject of the Queen of Great Britair. and Ireland, residing at Kilbirnie, in the county of Ayr, Scotland, have invented improvements in Machines for Making Nets, (for which 1 have obtained a British patent, No. 10,426, dated July 5, 1890,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to and coinprises mechanism to be applied to the ordinary net weaving machine loom known as the Scotch net machine in which the net fabric is knotted in a vertical traversing web for the purpose of forming the net meshes with double knots. These improvements essentially comprise an auxiliary set' of vertical oscil- Eating taller needles which receive mechanical motions to act in combination with the front hooks, and auxiliary cam motions for latter, a serrated needle pressing plate,

and chapping bar, and lover mechanism for slackening back the taking up beam.

in order to enable others skilledin the art to which my invention relates to understand how it may be carried into practice, I have hereunto appended five explanatory sheets of drawings, in which the same reference letters and numerals are used to indicate corre sponding parts in all the figures where shown, the new-or improved parts being represented by italic letters.

Figure l is a transverse vertical section of an ordinary Scotch net machine or hand 10013 as fitted with my improved mechanism for forming a double knot on the meshes in weaving a fishing net or net fabric. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the machine looking at the opposite end to that illustrated in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of one end of the machjhaand partly broken away. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view detached of the cam plate or cam groove 8 e for giving the motion to the front hook bar 15 and hooks B to enable them to take up the turn of thread necessary to for -tn the double knot while the taller needles 0; are in operation. Fig. 5 shows an eleva- Lion and edge plan respectively of one of the auxiliary vertical oscillating taller needles a which come into operation in the positions shown in the diagram vlews Figs 14: to 18 to perform their functions 1n formingthe double knot on the net meshes. Fig. 6 shows an ele vation and plan and front end view respectively. of one of the ordinary front hooks Bl, but as formed with an auxiliary groove inthehook part b. Fig. 7 shows an elevation and front end view of one and a plan respectively of two sets of the ordinary sets of stationary duplex needles and holders G c C but having the needles 0' formed with an inward or forward curved part c to enter the auxiliary grooves h in the fronthooksB' as hereinafter described. Fig. 8 shows a detached View to an enlarged scale of part of the pressing or chappin g bar, formed with a saw-tooth shaped or serrated front edge blade surface 61'. Fig. 9 shows an enlarged view of the'serrated or slotted oscillating or vibrating needle spring plate or plates 0 Figs. 10 to 24; show the various positions and functions performed by the fallers A, stationary needles 0, front hooks l3, and fallerneedles (1 in forming each double knot on the net meshes; Fig. 25 shows a left hand form of the double knot on the nt meshes in its formation loose and tightened up positions respectively, and Fig. 26 a right hand knot loose. Figs. 27, 28 and 29 are detail views.

Referring to the drawings,'-to perform the functions, of forming double knots on the mesh fabrics the following improvements in the loom mechanism are necessary: A; horizontal needle bar or plate a shown in Figs.

1 and 2 is fitted to the loom extending the length of the machine across the net fabric Z to be woven, and carries a'series of faller needles or needle hooks asecured by angled or dovetailed ends atproper distances apart, shown toan enlarged scale in Fig. 5 and each shown in Figsl and 2 in its lowest inactive position projecting. throughhetween each pair of the ordinary vertical fallers or sinkers A below the ordinary horizontal hooks B. These auxiliary faller needles or needle hooks a are for the purposeof coming-up and putting a'turn loop or twist'of the thread round thefront hooks B b as hereinafter-described. The horizontal bar a is mounted to oscillate on stud spindles a on the stationary bar F and receives a rising and falling motion from a foot trea-dle a" fulcrumed at it and connecting rod a secured at. its lower v are curved inward on their lower front ends dle beam C, with lever and helical spring at tachments at so as to permit the plate (2 to b B and also guide the loops 01f thepoints Q of the upper grooved-hooks C of the needles in front against the action of the spring D plate e shown detached in Fig. 4 is fitted-to meshes 05 these slotted .hook's b as hereinaf- D? is formed or fitted with a saw toothed as heretofore) for the purpose of pressing the tached to an arm a. on bar (t the needles 0. being held in their horizontal position by the sprin g actuated catch lever a? passing through a slot in treadle a when the treadle a is depressed to the position shown in Fig. 1, the catch being released by another foot arm 1e ver and connecting rod 0.. The ordinary horizontal hooks B shown to an enlarged scale detached in Fig. 6, secured by their inner ends on the front horizontal bar 13 are formed with an auxiliary grooved or slotted center part b along their hook ends and upper surface, so as to enable the auxiliary taller hooks a and the lower hock parts a of the needles 0' to lift the loops or-threads as here inafter described. The prdinary sets of use dles 0' shown to an enlargedscale detached in'Fig. 7, projecting and defiectingout from and secured by their usual dovetailed ends to the horizontal fixed needle'bar C of machine,

0 so as to enter-the auxiliary groove b in the ordinary front hooks B for the purpose of lifting the loop parts of the net knots of the ter described; A toothed spring plate is fitted underneath the hooked ends 0' of the stationary needles 0' and extends alongthe at intervals to lever arms c fulcrumed on a spindle at c underneath theastationary neeoscillate. This plate c -has the projections coming underneath the points c of each nee; die 0 c for the purpose of guiding the loop thread, while being formed, from the points 0 of the needles 0 c'on to the grooved hooks of' needles as hereinafter described. The front edge of the pressing or chapping bar plate or rack da part of which is shown de tached in side view to a large scale in Fig.8, (instead of having only a plain edge surface leg thread into the front and under groove 0' c and separating these as hereinafter described. The bar D is secured in the ordinary manner to a bellcrank 13 D and connecting rod D actuated by the foot treadle D fulcrumed at D and which is depressed at the other end when the serrated teeth d are desired to be broughtinto action.: Acam the machine with slotted or cam groove eiin which works a reciprocating'or oscillating shifting arm or earn pin 6 carried on thehand lever E which operates the front hooks B. The objectof shifting the pin e -by. the hand. levere". is to connect the handilever E with the cam groove or release it therefrom. In the first condition'the pin a moves within the groove 6 and guides the hand lever E while giving the front hooks B b a motion 15, and then pushed backward through the backward and upward, to bring the threads; where they cross each other, below the fallen needles a, and get the double twist thereby-1n; formed as indicated in Figs, 14 to 18. Thiscam pin e works through a bearing at c in the hand lever E and is shifted by a vertical projection e on it working up through a slot at e in a small hand lever e fulcruined on a' spring-carrying pine in the large hand lever E which operates. the ordinary front or loop forming hooks B.

Theaction of the net making machine fitted with the hereinbefore described improved combinations of mechanism is as follows:-

The ordinary fallers A are shown in Figs. I to .3 and 10 to 12 in position for starting the new mesh and resting by their notches A on rail F after being raised by the bar A and the treadle A fulcrumed at A and connected to thebarA", by the adj ustable rods A all as hereinafter described. These fallers A have the lower parts of the last loops of the meshes Z passed under or roundithem as usual, as

9 shown in Figsl-tofl, and in this position in Fig. 10. I The front hook bar 13 and hooks B b are then moved horizontally back throughthe ineshesto take the position shown in Fig. 11 and receive aslight transverse motion to the left: This is done as shown in the detached view, Fig. 27, by having a projectiugpinlz? on the front hook bar B ,working within a-slot w in a hand operated lever h and moving said lever to one side, the recoil .of springs 03 011 bringing back the lever h and bar B to their normal positions. The hooks B? b are then drawn to the front, bywhich action the points or feet of the hooks catch and draw one leg of the threads of the .meshes diagonally across to put the ordinary cross onthe loop, as shown in this position in Fig. 12, and are then lowered to take the cross. loops'ofi the fallers A. The front hooks B 'b are then drawn up by their hand levers E and hold the ends or loops of the diagonal meshes, as shown in this position in Fig. 13. The bar a carrying the auxiliary fallerneedles or needle hooks a is now oscillated and the needles a raised by depressing 115 the treadle a and the front hooks B b are lowered and then receive a motion backward and upward from the before mentioned cam groove e and pin e operated from hand levers e E to bring the threads where they .cross, each other below theauxiliary faller needles a. Thehook s B are raised until their auxiliary grooves I) come in contact with the points or under hook parts of the auxiliary faller needles a which enter and catchthe crossings of the thread in the grooves 12 of the hooks B, as shown in this position in Fig. l4. The hooks B, b, are then drawn out ward and upward, to the position shown in Fig.

I 0 net meshes over the auxiliary faller needles a 3 to the position shown in Fig. 16, and returning backward receive a slight transverse motion to the left,by a handlever hiulcrumed at 71 on the hook bar shaft H with a-slot-in its end operating a pin 71. on the hook bar Bi -and carry with them one of the legs of the threadsofthe meshes and cross these to the position shown in Fig. 17, and the hooks B b are then brought in front and lowered downward .and backward; by which means the threadsor loops leave the auxiliary taller needles a and are taken up wholly by the front hooks B b as shown in this position in: Fig. 18, and the cam groove e and operating hand lever e have now completed their requisite action. 'At this stage the front hook bar B and hooks B, I) receive a slight transverse motion to the right, by the same hand lever mechanism 7L2 to h as previously gave this to the left, to clear'the; auxiliary taller needles cfwhen the loop or-twi'st is formed The taller needles a are now released; from the position shown in Fig. 18, and lowered to their bottom inactive position shown in 'Figs'. 1 to 3 by releasingthe before mentioned catch 0. and foot treadle a so ,operatihgthe taller lever bar-a The trout hooks 3'1) with the loops on them, now receive from the ordinary hand lever E and pperating m echanisni of the machine a forward movement over and between the pairs of stationary do plex needles 0, c, and holders C as shown in Fig. 19, and lowered in-that position in' the inner spacesc as'Qsh o'wn in the plan View Fig. 7. The hooks 135?) are then /moved downward and/forward" until theyc'ome b low and behind the/adjacent points 0' of the different stationary, needles C and these ointsc' of eanmeeme Erestdnqh auxilcrossingand 99 11315 "loop'parts of the threads on the hooks, as'shownin'the act of doing so iii Fig.-20,'after havingpressetl the plate 0 down with it. The chapp'ingf bar D with the saw teeth c l is now moved ibrward and enters between the, meshes govt; the needles Oto place each alternate crossed leg or back thread into each under groove or face 0 of the stationarymeedles O to hold these legs or threads" of tha'meshes in open position all as shown in this position in Fig. 21. The taking up cylinder cr -beam F is nowmo mentaril y slacke ne d by the H1 echanism hereinafter described, and the loops lengthened and the/hooks Eh broughtup. and placed be "tween the meshes with the endscihfiihe diff ferent adjacent needles 0" withi'nftheloops; The ordinary vertical fallers A'i arenow raised to their highest position with their-notclijesffih resting on the slur carriage rail Fabdvethe hook eyes C in the outer end space O be tween each stationary needle and holder 0 C as usual by depressing the treadle A At this stage the empty shuttle or long wire S (see detached view Fig. 29) is made to pass in the ordinary manner through the whole set of hooks or eyes of the vertical fallers A above the grooves 0 of the needles 0 and under the loops of the thread on the needies C and hooks B Wand the shuttle with its thread is then drawn back transversely through, all as shown in this position in Fig.

22. and lowered to the refiuired length of mesh desired to be formed, by traversing the'ordinary slur carriage G shown injigs. 1 and 3 withhorizontal roller .G" bearing on fallers lowering of the pulley actuating weight G 'in the ordin ry manner. The end of each shot of weft threadns then tied at the selvage Z at one side of themachine'. The front now drawn out and down in'front of thence dles 0', and then lowered down in frontof thehorizontalserrated thread guide plate 0 below the needles C c to free the loops from act of doing so in Fig.23 and the chapping bar D with the serrated teeth d is brought forward between the meshes'to keep the mesh part of the net clearpf the stationary nee-- back and freed altogetherfhong the net threads or loops and these are tightened up while on thejiooks C of the needles 0 by the taking uphEa m F, by which and the simultaneous ofithestatignary needles 0 as shown in the po-- \sigon of doing so in Fig. 24. The operations p l n are again, repeated in the manner described toEormfa'iYesh length of meshes and set of double knots in the new manner described, The arm-37 carries a stud, on which is con- -tered abell-crank lever 43, which swings on the ratchet fishes. The other arm of the lever 43has a laterally projecting stud which is caught by the curved recess orc'atchmade in the rod 44., to which a reciprocatory move: 'ment is communicated from the crank 45. The, lower end of the rod 4:; isslotted and loosely, connected. asshown to the bellcrank lever 46,; which is carried on a transverse shaft 47, ;the other arm of the lever being connected to the treadle 29 by the link 48. The ratchet wheel 36 is fast to the shaf t gfi the drum F; (Fig. 1) and it is made wiik-arfannnlar ring of teeth; the'wheel is prevented from turning toward the front of the machine by a pawl 50. hen the treadle 29 is de-' pressed the rod 44 catches on the stud of the lever is, which takes into the teeth of the ratchet wheel 36, the rotation of the crank 45 causing thelever 43 to force round the drum sufficiently to, draw the knots tight. 'The back motion is given to the taking up beam F during the forming of the double knotbetween the positions shown in Figs. 21 and 22, by a two armed lever f, f fulcrumed on the spindle of the beam F. atthe opposite end of the machine to the -cr'dinary taking up motion (such as is illustatcd inelevation in Fig. 28), with asegmental pawl and tooth f? on the tree end of the leverf working dewn'into a The vertical fallers A are now released A- by depressing the treadle lever G and the the points 0 of the needles asv shown in the action of raising the vertical fallers A the thread-sol loops are set free from the top 0 a hooks B 1)" with the threadsrouhdthem are So dles O. The front hooksBib are now pushed o starting from the position shown in Fig.10 LOO the stud', one arm forming a pawl to actuate [1'05 ratchet or spnr wheel f, mounted-on the end of beam F carried on the top of the frames out of gear by a pin f on its comingin contact with a stop arm f and the leverarm'f plate 6' provided with a cam groove e and comes to its normal position on the stop bracketf when the foot is raised off the treadle f" by the Weight of the le'verf and connecting rod f and leaves the beam F in position for taking up the net. 7 The double knot shown in Fig. 25 is termed a left handed knot, but the right handed knot shown in Fig. 26 may be similarly formed by-ang-ling the grooved hooks b, and the grooves G, to the opposite side of that shown in Fig. 6,and giving them the slight lateraltraverse in the opposite direction to catch and twist the limbs ofthe meshes in the opposite direction to thatshown and described.

What. I claim is- 1.. In machines for forming double knots on I the meshes of net fabrics, the combination of the fallers and means for operating the same,

' ihary faller needle hooks, and means for opand stationary needles, with front hooks, auxerating these hooks, substantially as set forth.

2. In a net machine, the fallers A. and neodles C,.in combination with vertical oscillating faller needle hooks a, front hooks B Z),

shifting pin e, serrated plates 0 d and slacken. ng back beam mechanism, all substantially as set forth.

3. In a net machine, the vertical oscillating auxiliary faller needle hooks a ,treadle lever a 'and connecting link fittings, in combination with the front hooks B Z), hand lever B: and pin and cam mechanism e to a acting after the thread has been released from the ordinary fallers A, to perform the functions of putting a double loop twist of the thread round the front hooks B b in forming, the

donbleknots on the net meshes, substantially as and in the manner herein set forth.

"'4. In a; net machine for forming double knottednet fabrics, the combination comprising a grooved plate e", 6 shifting cam pin 6,

means for shifting the said pin, and front.

hooks Bbf mounted on a rocking frame, and ahand lever to operate the said rocking frame, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a net machine for forming double knotted net fabrics, the front hooks B provided with a grooved part b, in combination with the stationary needles 0 provided with curved-in points c, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a net machine for forming double In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES KNOX.

lVitnesses:

W. R. M. Tnonsox, Jon-N SHIE, Both (2f 96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Scot- (LlLt 

